A total of 751 out of 995 genera (75%) have molecular data. The largest class is Lecanoromycetes, with 15,131 species and 701 genera, followed by Arthoniomycetes (1,541 103), Eurotiomycetes (1,203 63), Dothideomycetes (812 39) and Lichinomycetes (390 50). The largest order is Lecanorales, with 6,231 species and 234 genera, followed by Ostropales (3,261 138), Arthoniales (1,541, 103), Peltigerales (1,301 67) and Caliciales (1,276 55). The largest family is Parmeliaceae, with 2,765 species and 77 genera, followed by Graphidaceae (2,161 79), Verrucariaceae (943 43), Ramalinaceae (916 43) and Lecanoraceae (791 25). Using newly defined categories, two genera (Xanthoparmelia, Lecanora) are ultradiverse (more than 500 species), 17 hyperdiverse (201–500 species) and 12 megadiverse (101–200). The average number of species per genus is 19.5 and 256 genera are monospecific. The most speciose genera are Xanthoparmelia, Lecanora, Arthonia, Cladonia, Pertusaria, Ocellularia, Graphis, Caloplaca, Usnea and Buellia. Lichenized Basidiomycota amount to 172 species (0.9% of the total), 15 genera (1.5%), five families (4.3%), five orders (12.8%) and one class (12.5%). The number of accepted species is 19,387 in 995 genera, 115 families, 39 orders and eight classes. Updated statistics on global species richness of lichen fungi and species richness at family, order and class level are given. #Poly bridge alpine meadows updateNinety years after Zahlbruckner, we present the most recent update to the classification of lichen fungi in the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota to genus level, with species numbers and references to changes compared to the 2010 Outline of Ascomycota and other recent classifications. Die Entwicklung eines (bedingt durch extreme Umwelteinflüsse) ansatzweise strauchförmigen Ha-bitus innerhalb normalerweise krustig wachsender Gattungen und Arten wird kurz diskutiert. Die Flechte enthält Usninsäure, Zeorin, Spuren von Methylplacodiolsäure, einige Fettsäuren und (in vielen asiatischen Belegen) Porphyrilsäure. Die Flechtentaxa Siphula himalayensis (Räsänen) Kantvilas und Lecanora teretiuscula Zahlbr., die beide aus dem Südost-Himalaya und der angrenzenden tibetischen Region bekannt sind, werden als Synonyme von Lecanora geophila (Th.Fr.) Poelt angesehen, einer im arktisch-alpinen Raum weit verbreiteten Art. Die Identität der Flechten Siphula himalayensis und Lecanora teretiuscula. The development of a fruticose habit by normally crustose genera and species growing under extreme environmental conditions is discussed briefly. The chemical constituents of this lichen include usnic acid, zeorin, traces of methylplacodiolic acid, some fatty acids and, frequently in Asian specimens, porphyrilic acid. The lichens Siphula himalayensis (Räsänen) Kantvilas and Lecanora teretiuscula Zahlbr., both recorded from the southeastern Himalayas and adjacent Tibetan regions, are regarded as conspecific with the widespread Arctic-alpine species Lecanora geophila (Th.Fr.) Poelt. The identity of the lichens Siphula himalayensis and Lecanora teretiuscula. Additional sampling across a broader taxonomic and geographic scale will be crucial to fully resolving the taxonomy in this cosmopolitan genus. Potentially undescribed species were found within the phenotypically circumscribed species L. Individuals considered as belonging to the same species based on phenotypic characters were found to be paraphyletic, indicating that cryptic species might be hidden under these names (e.g. Our phylogenetic analyses support traditional species delimitation based on morphological and chemical traits in most but not all cases. enteroleucella group, each of them strongly supported. The Lecidella species fall into three major clades, which are proposed here as three informal groups-Lecidella stigmatea group, L. Phylogenetic relationships among 43 individuals representing 11 Lecidella species, mainly from mainland China, were included in the analyses and phenotypical characters studied and mapped onto the phylogeny. The phylogeny of Lecidella species is studied, based on a 7-locus data set using ML and Bayesian analyses.
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